System widzi za mało pamięci RAM 2,7GB z 4GB

[Newton]

Witam serdecznie!
Zainstalowałem po raz pierwszy system Linux - Ubuntu 12.04PL x86_64.
Nie znam się na nim, po raz pierwszy mam przyjemność imam problemy, których nie wiem jak rozwiązać.
1. Mam na płycie głównej 4GB RAMu, Windows XP 32bit widzi całość, a Ubuntu tylko 2,7GB. Dlaczego i jak to zmienić?
Proszę o pomoc w moich pierwszych krokach z tym systemem.
Pozdrawiam

[marcin1982]

Podaj wynik poleceń z terminala / konsoli:

Kod: Zaznacz cały

free -m

Kod: Zaznacz cały

lspci -k | grep -A2 VGA

Kod: Zaznacz cały

lsb_release -a && uname -a

[Newton]

Kod: Zaznacz cały

jacek@compaq:~$ free -m
             total       used       free     shared    buffers     cached
Mem:          2758       1126       1631          0         48        447
-/+ buffers/cache:        631       2126
Swap:         2812          0       2812

Kod: Zaznacz cały

jacek@compaq:~$ lsb_release -a && uname -a
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID:	Ubuntu
Description:	Ubuntu 12.04.1 LTS
Release:	12.04
Codename:	precise
Linux compaq 3.2.0-31-generic #50-Ubuntu SMP Fri Sep 7 16:16:45 UTC 2012 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

W ustawieniach systemu w informacjach o grafice mam: Sterownik Gallium 0.4 on NVA8, Interfejs Standardowy


A poza tym, podczas pracy systemu, w sumie zaraz po zalogowaniu wyskoczył monit o błędzie systemu, ale jaki nie było napisane - wysłałem go gdzieś tam, nie wiem gdzie to jest wysyłane.

[marcin1982]

Podaj jeszcze dla pewności:

Kod: Zaznacz cały

lshw -class memory

Wyniki umieszczaj w tagach Code.

[Newton]

Kod: Zaznacz cały

jacek@compaq:~$ lshw -class memory
WARNING: you should run this program as super-user.
  *-memory                
       description: System memory
       physical id: 0
       size: 2758MiB
WARNING: output may be incomplete or inaccurate, you should run this program as super-user.

//bear7: Polecenia, wyniki poleceń, błędy, komunikaty, zawartość plików konfiguracyjnych oraz systemowych, na forum umieszczamy pomiędzy znacznikami CODE.

[Newton]

Jak odpalić ten program jako super-user?

[marcin1982]

Najpierw:

Kod: Zaznacz cały

sudo lshw -class memory

[bear7]

Co to jest za komputer? To jest laptop, czy desktop? W laptopach, cześć pamięci RAM może być wydzielona pod kartę graficzną. Jak korzystasz z laptopa, to podaj markę i model oraz co za karta graficzna siedzi w tym komputerze.

[Newton]

To jest komputer stacjonarny.
W biosie nie mam zaznaczonej opcji podziału ramu.

Kod: Zaznacz cały

jacek@compaq:~$ sudo lshw -class memory
  *-firmware              
       description: BIOS
       vendor: Phoenix Technologies, LTD
       physical id: 0
       version: 3.47
       date: 03/03/2006
       size: 128KiB
       capacity: 448KiB
       capabilities: pci pnp apm upgrade shadowing cdboot bootselect socketedrom edd int13floppy360 int13floppy1200 int13floppy720 int13floppy2880 int5printscreen int9keyboard int14serial int17printer int10video acpi usb agp ls120boot zipboot biosbootspecification netboot
  *-cache:0
       description: L1 cache
       physical id: b
       slot: Internal Cache
       size: 128KiB
       capacity: 128KiB
       capabilities: synchronous internal write-back
  *-cache:1
       description: L2 cache
       physical id: d
       slot: External Cache
       size: 1MiB
       capacity: 1MiB
       capabilities: synchronous internal write-back
  *-cache:0
       description: L1 cache
       physical id: c
       slot: Internal Cache
       size: 128KiB
       capacity: 128KiB
       capabilities: synchronous internal write-back
  *-cache:1
       description: L2 cache
       physical id: e
       slot: External Cache
       size: 1MiB
       capacity: 1MiB
       capabilities: synchronous internal write-back
  *-memory
       description: System Memory
       physical id: 21
       slot: System board or motherboard
       size: 4GiB
     *-bank:0
          description: DIMM DDR Synchronous 400 MHz (2,5 ns)
          product: None
          vendor: None
          physical id: 0
          serial: None
          slot: A0
          size: 1GiB
          width: 64 bits
          clock: 400MHz (2.5ns)
     *-bank:1
          description: DIMM DDR Synchronous 400 MHz (2,5 ns)
          product: None
          vendor: None
          physical id: 1
          serial: None
          slot: A1

No i niby widzi wszystkie kości.

[jirajamgo]

Ten komp ma w sobie dodatkową grafikę czy zintegrowaną ?

Podaj wynik;

Kod: Zaznacz cały

sudo lshw

[Newton]

Ma zintegrowaną, ale z niej nie korzystam. Mam kartę graficzną na PCI-E.
Co do grafiki, to jest o niebo lepiej niż na windowsie, filmy są wyższej jakości i ogólnie widok jest lepszej jakości na Ubuntu:)

Kod: Zaznacz cały

description: Desktop Computer
    product: EK335AA-ABU SR1619UK GB540 ()
    vendor: Compaq Presario 061
    version: 0nx0411RE101AMETM00
    serial: CZX54510XP
    width: 64 bits
    capabilities: smbios-2.4 dmi-2.4 vsyscall32
    configuration: boot=normal chassis=desktop uuid=80844FA0-BEBE-1010-AF3E-E5D43B6A8E59
  *-core
       description: Motherboard
       product: AMETHYST-M
       vendor: MSI
       physical id: 0
       version: 1.0
     *-firmware
          description: BIOS
          vendor: Phoenix Technologies, LTD
          physical id: 0
          version: 3.47
          date: 03/03/2006
          size: 128KiB
          capacity: 448KiB
          capabilities: pci pnp apm upgrade shadowing cdboot bootselect socketedrom edd int13floppy360 int13floppy1200 int13floppy720 int13floppy2880 int5printscreen int9keyboard int14serial int17printer int10video acpi usb agp ls120boot zipboot biosbootspecification netboot
     *-cpu:0
          description: CPU
          product: AMD Athlon(tm) 64 X2 Dual Core Processor 4400+
          vendor: Hynix Semiconductor (Hyundai Electronics)
          physical id: 4
          bus info: cpu@0
          version: AMD Athlon(tm) 64 X2 Dual Core Processor 4400+
          slot: Socket 939
          size: 1GHz
          capacity: 3GHz
          width: 64 bits
          clock: 200MHz
          capabilities: fpu fpu_exception wp vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ht syscall nx mmxext fxsr_opt x86-64 3dnowext 3dnow rep_good nopl pni lahf_lm cmp_legacy cpufreq
        *-cache:0
             description: L1 cache
             physical id: b
             slot: Internal Cache
             size: 128KiB
             capacity: 128KiB
             capabilities: synchronous internal write-back
        *-cache:1
             description: L2 cache
             physical id: d
             slot: External Cache
             size: 1MiB
             capacity: 1MiB
             capabilities: synchronous internal write-back
     *-cpu:1
          description: CPU
          vendor: AMD
          physical id: 5
          bus info: cpu@1
          version: AMD Athlon(tm) 64 X2 Dual Core Processor 4400+
          slot: Socket 939
          size: 1GHz
          capacity: 3GHz
          clock: 200MHz
          capabilities: cpufreq
        *-cache:0
             description: L1 cache
             physical id: c
             slot: Internal Cache
             size: 128KiB
             capacity: 128KiB
             capabilities: synchronous internal write-back
        *-cache:1
             description: L2 cache
             physical id: e
             slot: External Cache
             size: 1MiB
             capacity: 1MiB
             capabilities: synchronous internal write-back
     *-memory
          description: System Memory
          physical id: 21
          slot: System board or motherboard
          size: 4GiB
        *-bank:0
             description: DIMM DDR Synchronous 400 MHz (2,5 ns)
             product: None
             vendor: None
             physical id: 0
             serial: None
             slot: A0
             size: 1GiB
             width: 64 bits
             clock: 400MHz (2.5ns)
        *-bank:1
             description: DIMM DDR Synchronous 400 MHz (2,5 ns)
             product: None
             vendor: None
             physical id: 1
             serial: None
             slot: A1
             size: 1GiB
             width: 64 bits
             clock: 400MHz (2.5ns)
        *-bank:2
             description: DIMM DDR Synchronous 400 MHz (2,5 ns)
             product: None
             vendor: None
             physical id: 2
             serial: None
             slot: A2
             size: 1GiB
             width: 64 bits
             clock: 400MHz (2.5ns)
        *-bank:3
             description: DIMM DDR Synchronous 400 MHz (2,5 ns)
             product: None
             vendor: None
             physical id: 3
             serial: None
             slot: A3
             size: 1GiB
             width: 64 bits
             clock: 400MHz (2.5ns)
     *-pci:0
          description: Host bridge
          product: RS480/RS482/RS485 Host Bridge
          vendor: Hynix Semiconductor (Hyundai Electronics)
          physical id: 100
          bus info: pci@0000:00:00.0
          version: 10
          width: 64 bits
          clock: 66MHz
          configuration: latency=64
          resources: ioport:4100(size=32) memory:0-1fffffff
        *-pci:0
             description: PCI bridge
             product: RS4xx PCI Express Port [ext gfx]
             vendor: Hynix Semiconductor (Hyundai Electronics)
             physical id: 2
             bus info: pci@0000:00:02.0
             version: 00
             width: 32 bits
             clock: 33MHz
             capabilities: pci pm pciexpress msi ht normal_decode bus_master cap_list
             configuration: driver=pcieport
             resources: irq:0 ioport:e000(size=4096) memory:fb000000-fcffffff ioport:b0000000(size=536870912)
           *-display
                description: VGA compatible controller
                product: GT218 [GeForce 210]
                vendor: NVIDIA Corporation
                physical id: 0
                bus info: pci@0000:01:00.0
                version: a2
                width: 64 bits
                clock: 33MHz
                capabilities: pm msi pciexpress vga_controller bus_master cap_list rom
                configuration: driver=nvidia latency=0
                resources: irq:18 memory:fb000000-fbffffff memory:b0000000-bfffffff memory:ce000000-cfffffff ioport:ef00(size=128) memory:c0000000-c007ffff
           *-multimedia
                description: Audio device
                product: High Definition Audio Controller
                vendor: NVIDIA Corporation
                physical id: 0.1
                bus info: pci@0000:01:00.1
                version: a1
                width: 32 bits
                clock: 33MHz
                capabilities: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list
                configuration: driver=snd_hda_intel latency=0
                resources: irq:18 memory:fcffc000-fcffffff
        *-ide:0
             description: IDE interface
             product: IXP SB4x0 Serial ATA Controller
             vendor: Hynix Semiconductor (Hyundai Electronics)
             physical id: 12
             bus info: pci@0000:00:12.0
             logical name: scsi0
             logical name: scsi1
             version: 00
             width: 32 bits
             clock: 66MHz
             capabilities: ide pm msi bus_master cap_list rom emulated
             configuration: driver=sata_sil latency=64
             resources: irq:22 ioport:fe00(size=8) ioport:fd00(size=4) ioport:fc00(size=8) ioport:fb00(size=4) ioport:fa00(size=16) memory:fe02f000-fe02f1ff memory:d0000000-d007ffff
           *-disk
                description: ATA Disk
                product: WDC WD1600AAJS-6
                vendor: Western Digital
                physical id: 0
                bus info: scsi@0:0.0.0
                logical name: /dev/sda
                version: 58.0
                serial: WD-WCAS28216557
                size: 149GiB (160GB)
                capabilities: partitioned partitioned:dos
                configuration: ansiversion=5 signature=000657c5
              *-volume:0
                   description: EXT4 volume
                   vendor: Linux
                   physical id: 1
                   bus info: scsi@0:0.0.0,1
                   logical name: /dev/sda1
                   logical name: /
                   version: 1.0
                   serial: 6c8a3383-7049-45d0-b944-3e52b87ff850
                   size: 146GiB
                   capacity: 146GiB
                   capabilities: primary bootable journaled extended_attributes large_files huge_files dir_nlink recover extents ext4 ext2 initialized
                   configuration: created=2014-05-06 17:37:35 filesystem=ext4 lastmountpoint=/ modified=2014-05-15 17:34:31 mount.fstype=ext4 mount.options=rw,relatime,errors=remount-ro,user_xattr,barrier=1,data=ordered mounted=2014-06-06 21:34:03 state=mounted
              *-volume:1
                   description: Extended partition
                   physical id: 2
                   bus info: scsi@0:0.0.0,2
                   logical name: /dev/sda2
                   size: 2813MiB
                   capacity: 2813MiB
                   capabilities: primary extended partitioned partitioned:extended
                 *-logicalvolume
                      description: Linux swap / Solaris partition
                      physical id: 5
                      logical name: /dev/sda5
                      capacity: 2813MiB
                      capabilities: nofs
           *-cdrom
                description: DVD-RAM writer
                product: DVDRAM GH24NS95
                vendor: HL-DT-ST
                physical id: 1
                bus info: scsi@1:0.0.0
                logical name: /dev/cdrom
                logical name: /dev/cdrw
                logical name: /dev/dvd
                logical name: /dev/dvdrw
                logical name: /dev/sr0
                version: RN00
                capabilities: removable audio cd-r cd-rw dvd dvd-r dvd-ram
                configuration: ansiversion=5 status=ready
              *-medium
                   physical id: 0
                   logical name: /dev/cdrom
        *-usb:0
             description: USB controller
             product: IXP SB4x0 USB Host Controller
             vendor: Hynix Semiconductor (Hyundai Electronics)
             physical id: 13
             bus info: pci@0000:00:13.0
             version: 00
             width: 32 bits
             clock: 66MHz
             capabilities: msi ohci bus_master cap_list
             configuration: driver=ohci_hcd latency=64
             resources: irq:19 memory:fe02e000-fe02efff
        *-usb:1
             description: USB controller
             product: IXP SB4x0 USB Host Controller
             vendor: Hynix Semiconductor (Hyundai Electronics)
             physical id: 13.1
             bus info: pci@0000:00:13.1
             version: 00
             width: 32 bits
             clock: 66MHz
             capabilities: msi ohci bus_master cap_list
             configuration: driver=ohci_hcd latency=64
             resources: irq:19 memory:fe02d000-fe02dfff
        *-usb:2
             description: USB controller
             product: IXP SB4x0 USB2 Host Controller
             vendor: Hynix Semiconductor (Hyundai Electronics)
             physical id: 13.2
             bus info: pci@0000:00:13.2
             version: 00
             width: 32 bits
             clock: 66MHz
             capabilities: pm msi ehci bus_master cap_list
             configuration: driver=ehci_hcd latency=64
             resources: irq:19 memory:fe02c000-fe02cfff
        *-serial
             description: SMBus
             product: IXP SB4x0 SMBus Controller
             vendor: Hynix Semiconductor (Hyundai Electronics)
             physical id: 14
             bus info: pci@0000:00:14.0
             version: 11
             width: 32 bits
             clock: 66MHz
             capabilities: ht cap_list
             configuration: driver=piix4_smbus latency=0
             resources: irq:0 ioport:500(size=16) memory:fe02b000-fe02b3ff
        *-ide:1
             description: IDE interface
             product: IXP SB4x0 IDE Controller
             vendor: Hynix Semiconductor (Hyundai Electronics)
             physical id: 14.1
             bus info: pci@0000:00:14.1
             version: 00
             width: 32 bits
             clock: 66MHz
             capabilities: ide msi bus_master cap_list
             configuration: driver=pata_atiixp latency=64
             resources: irq:16 ioport:1f0(size=8) ioport:3f6 ioport:170(size=8) ioport:376 ioport:f800(size=16)
        *-isa
             description: ISA bridge
             product: IXP SB4x0 PCI-ISA Bridge
             vendor: Hynix Semiconductor (Hyundai Electronics)
             physical id: 14.3
             bus info: pci@0000:00:14.3
             version: 00
             width: 32 bits
             clock: 66MHz
             capabilities: isa bus_master
             configuration: latency=0
        *-pci:1
             description: PCI bridge
             product: IXP SB4x0 PCI-PCI Bridge
             vendor: Hynix Semiconductor (Hyundai Electronics)
             physical id: 14.4
             bus info: pci@0000:00:14.4
             version: 00
             width: 32 bits
             clock: 66MHz
             capabilities: pci subtractive_decode bus_master
             resources: ioport:d000(size=4096) memory:fde00000-fdefffff memory:fdd00000-fddfffff
           *-multimedia
                description: Multimedia audio controller
                product: CA0106 Soundblaster
                vendor: Creative Labs
                physical id: 2
                bus info: pci@0000:02:02.0
                version: 00
                width: 32 bits
                clock: 33MHz
                capabilities: pm bus_master cap_list
                configuration: driver=snd_ca0106 latency=64 maxlatency=20 mingnt=2
                resources: irq:22 ioport:df00(size=32)
           *-network
                description: Ethernet interface
                product: RTL-8139/8139C/8139C+
                vendor: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd.
                physical id: 3
                bus info: pci@0000:02:03.0
                logical name: eth0
                version: 10
                serial: 00:13:d3:b7:84:0a
                size: 100Mbit/s
                capacity: 100Mbit/s
                width: 32 bits
                clock: 33MHz
                capabilities: pm bus_master cap_list rom ethernet physical tp mii 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd autonegotiation
                configuration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=8139too driverversion=0.9.28 duplex=full ip=192.168.0.52 latency=64 link=yes maxlatency=64 mingnt=32 multicast=yes port=MII speed=100Mbit/s
                resources: irq:20 ioport:de00(size=256) memory:fdeff000-fdeff0ff memory:fdd00000-fdd0ffff
     *-pci:1
          description: Host bridge
          product: K8 [Athlon64/Opteron] HyperTransport Technology Configuration
          vendor: Hynix Semiconductor (Hyundai Electronics)
          physical id: 101
          bus info: pci@0000:00:18.0
          version: 00
          width: 32 bits
          clock: 33MHz
     *-pci:2
          description: Host bridge
          product: K8 [Athlon64/Opteron] Address Map
          vendor: Hynix Semiconductor (Hyundai Electronics)
          physical id: 102
          bus info: pci@0000:00:18.1
          version: 00
          width: 32 bits
          clock: 33MHz
     *-pci:3
          description: Host bridge
          product: K8 [Athlon64/Opteron] DRAM Controller
          vendor: Hynix Semiconductor (Hyundai Electronics)
          physical id: 103
          bus info: pci@0000:00:18.2
          version: 00
          width: 32 bits
          clock: 33MHz
     *-pci:4
          description: Host bridge
          product: K8 [Athlon64/Opteron] Miscellaneous Control
          vendor: Hynix Semiconductor (Hyundai Electronics)
          physical id: 104
          bus info: pci@0000:00:18.3
          version: 00
          width: 32 bits
          clock: 33MHz
          configuration: driver=k8temp
          resources: irq:0
     *-scsi
          physical id: 1
          bus info: usb@2:3
          logical name: scsi4
          capabilities: emulated scsi-host
          configuration: driver=usb-storage
        *-disk:0
             description: SCSI Disk
             physical id: 0.0.0
             bus info: scsi@4:0.0.0
             logical name: /dev/sdb
        *-disk:1
             description: SCSI Disk
             physical id: 0.0.1
             bus info: scsi@4:0.0.1
             logical name: /dev/sdc
        *-disk:2
             description: SCSI Disk
             physical id: 0.0.2
             bus info: scsi@4:0.0.2
             logical name: /dev/sdd
        *-disk:3
             description: SCSI Disk
             physical id: 0.0.3
             bus info: scsi@4:0.0.3
             logical name: /dev/sde

[jirajamgo]

To dziwna sprawa, wejdź do biosu i ustaw na twardo żeby komp korzystał z zewnętrznej grafiki lub przywróć domyślne ustawienia biosu.

[Newton]

Mam w BIOSie ustawiona kartę na PCI-E. A poza tym na Win xp przy tej samej konfiguracji BIOSu system widzi całą pamięć.

[zibiboniek1]

Proponowałbym zrobić memtest i tym sposobem sprawdzić czy czasem pamięć nie jest uwalona?

[Newton]

pamięć nie jest uwalona

To ja nie rozumiem czegoś... Na Ubuntu jest zepsuta a na Win XP działa?

[zibiboniek1]

No wiesz, różne cuda się zdarzają.

[Newton]

No wiem, ale co z tym "cudem" zrobić. Wolałbym korzystać w pełni z posiadanego sprzętu.

[nadilaniumu]

proszę podać wynik polecenia:

Kod: Zaznacz cały

dmesg |grep "Memory: "

[Newton]

Kod: Zaznacz cały

[    0.000000] Memory: 2807040k/2882496k available (6558k kernel code, 452k absent, 75004k reserved, 6642k data, 920k init)

[zibiboniek1]

Jeszcze jak byś mógł uruchomić kompa z livecd i tam sprawdzić czy występuje ten sam problem.
p.s jak możesz to podaj jeszcze wynik polecenia

Kod: Zaznacz cały

uname -r